10.
The policy for the 1990 issuance aimed to increase coverage for the eligible and to improve efficiency in screening out the non-eligible. Various strategies were used, e.g.
(1) active finding of the target group,
(2) expanding eligibility criteria to the handicapped, the elderly, farmers without their own land, and temporary residents living below basic minimal needs,
(3) [...]
There are 2 approaches to identify the poor. The first one is means test or the MOPH criteria for eligibility of free medical care. Before 1994, it was set at 1,500/2,000 Baht/month for singles and households respectively. In 1944, it was changed to 2,000/2,800 Baht/month. The second one is poverty line defined as the [...]
There was confusion in target setting for various schemes to be financed by the government in fiscal year 1995. The author (Supachutikul A) was asked to clarify these numbers. Estimation of number of population covered by each health benefit scheme in each age group was done. Table 3-3 demonstrates the result. Emphasis was put [...]
In 1991, a national survey showed that more than two-third of the population were not covered by any health benefit schemes. The biggest scheme was the low income which covered 16% of the total population. The second largest was the Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme covered 9% of the population.
Since 1991, there have been a [...]
The HCP was originally an attempt to develop appropriate model for implementation of maternal and child care and immunization in the context of Primary Health Care(PHC). These elements of PHC often require visits to health facilities, and therefore effective basic health services are needed in addition to community self-help. A prepaid health insurance scheme in [...]
The first private insurance business started approximately 100 years ago. The East Asiatic Company was the agent for the Equitable Insurance Company of London in Thailand. It had not been quite successful because the sole agent performed many other business, all sale representatives were solely foreigners, most of the Thai in those days were economically [...]
In Thailand, an attempt for foundation of social security system was initiated in 1854 that the first Social Security Act was enacted. However, it was not implemented because of the dominant of the agricultural sector, inadequate health service facilities and personnel, inadequate resources and political instability. (Tomornsak H, 1966)
In 1972, a workmen compensation system for [...]
3.1 Overview
Social security system can be achieved through 3 basic approaches, i.e. (a) public assistance to the indigent, (b) social service or public service to all citizen and, (c) social insurance by pooling resources and risks between members in a society. Health security in Thailand is based on a mixture of the first and the [...]
Before 1995, an access to health care in Thailand is not mentioned as a basic right for every Thai citizen. Almost 44% of total population has not been covered by any health insurance or welfare system. They have to pay by their own, but not at full cost if they go to public hospitals because [...]
Background
Thailand has experienced a lot of transformation during the last 3 decades. The country is moving from a subsistence agricultural society to a rapidly growing industrialized sector. Economic growth in Thailand continue steadily even during the time of world crisis. Unfortunately, the country does not use this advantage to create mechanism for a fair distribution [...]